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A passive infrared sensor (PIR sensor) is an electronic sensor that measures infrared (IR) light radiating from objects in its field of view. They are most often used in PIR-based motion detectors. PIR sensors are generally used to detect the presence of human beings or animals. The sensor outputs a high voltage when it detects IR radiation above a certain threshold, which triggers an alarm or other response. PIR sensors are used in a variety of applications, including security systems, automatic doors, and energy-efficient lighting. PIR sensors can also be used to detect the presence of people in an area for occupancy-based controls. PIR sensors work by detecting the infrared radiation (heat) that is emitted by objects in their field of view. The sensors are passive, meaning they do not emit any radiation themselves, and they only detect radiation that is already present. PIR sensors are most sensitive to IR radiation in the wavelength range of 3-5 micrometers. This wavelength range corresponds to the peak of the human body's heat emission. PIR sensors are typically used in motion detectors, where they are used to detect the presence of moving objects. PIR sensors can also be used in security systems to detect the presence of intruders, or in automatic doors to detect the presence of people. PIR sensors are relatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture, making them a popular choice for a variety of applications.
A reed switch is a type of electrical switch that uses an magnet to control the opening and closing of the switch. It is composed of a pair of ferrous metal reeds that are hermetically sealed within a glass envelope. The two reeds are held together at one end by a weld, while the other ends are free to move. When an external magnet is brought near the reed switch, the magnetic field causes the two reeds to move towards each other, closing the switch. Removing the magnet causes the reeds to move back to their original position, opening the switch.
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